The torque model is a central calculation inside modern engine control units. Injection quantity and related values are translated into calculated torque. Based on that model, the ECU decides whether power is released, limited or adjusted through related areas such as boost pressure and injection.
A common issue in poor files is not just too little target power. Injection quantity may be raised while the torque model remains stock-like or unrealistic. The ECU can then limit the requested power internally.
